Underwater investigations are conducted beneath the surface of water bodies, such as oceans, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. They are commonly used in industries related to marine engineering, oil and gas, shipping, and environmental monitoring.

Detection of Buried Water Logging Body/Water channel/Materials by GPR & Seismic Refraction Test, Geo Technical Investigation for Soil Bearing Capacity, water Table & Soil Liquefaction, Foundation profiling by GPR/ Leakage Detection of Underground Liquid Channel or Pipelines by GPR, Utility – Wire- Pipeline Survey and Contour Mapping, Foundation Profiling, Soil Liquefaction Size. Silt Deposition level, Soil Electrical Resistivity, Under water investigation & Videography.

Key Methods in Underwater Investigations

1. Visual Inspection:

   • The most basic form of underwater investigation involves divers using underwater cameras or goggles to visually inspect structures like ship hulls, pipelines, dams, or bridges. This method is typically used for assessing visible damage, corrosion, or wear.

2. Sonar Technology:

   • Side-scan sonar and sub-bottom profiling are commonly used to map the underwater environment and detect submerged objects or structural anomalies. These techniques provide a clear image of the seabed and underwater structures by emitting sound waves and analyzing the echoes that return.

3. Remote Operated Vehicles (ROVs):

   • ROVs are unmanned, remotely operated vehicles that are deployed to explore and inspect underwater structures in more detail. ROVs are equipped with cameras, sensors, and tools for cutting, sampling, and repairing. They are widely used in deep-sea exploration, pipeline inspections, and underwater construction projects.

4. Submersible Vehicles:

   • Manned submersible vehicles are used for deep-sea investigations, providing a more direct, hands-on approach to exploring and conducting inspections of underwater facilities or environments. These vehicles are capable of operating at extreme depths and are often used in scientific research and deep-sea exploration.

5. Magnetic and Electromagnetic Surveys:

   • These methods are used to detect ferrous objects (e.g., sunken ships, pipelines) or changes in the magnetic field caused by underwater structures. These surveys can provide insight into the location and condition of submerged objects without direct contact.

6. Environmental Monitoring:

   • Underwater investigations also include environmental assessments, such as measuring water quality, sediment sampling, and assessing marine life health. This is crucial for environmental protection and ensuring that underwater projects do not negatively impact ecosystems.

Applications of Underwater Investigations:

• Oil and Gas Exploration: Inspecting underwater pipelines, drilling rigs, and subsea infrastructure.

• Marine Construction: Assessing the condition of piers, docks, breakwaters, and other structures.

• Environmental Monitoring: Studying marine ecosystems, pollution levels, and underwater habitats.

• Search and Recovery: Recovering sunken vessels, aircraft, or other lost equipment.

• Shipwreck Investigations: Archaeological studies and recovery of sunken historical sites.